Amino Acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins and play essential roles in various biological processes. Each amino acid contains an amino group (-NH₂), a carboxyl group (-COOH), and a distinctive side chain, which determines its properties and functions. They are vital for protein synthesis, tissue repair, and nutrient absorption, making them crucial in both animal and plant biology.

Amino acids are classified into essential and non-essential categories. Essential amino acids cannot be produced by the body and must be obtained from food sources, while non-essential amino acids can be synthesized internally. In industry, amino acids are widely used in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and agriculture for their roles in enhancing nutrition, supporting muscle growth, and improving skin health.